2017 BUICK ENVISION ESSENCE VIN 1FMCU9J95JUC83973

This Buick Envision Essence was built in 2017. The drivetrain combines an automatic gearbox with four-wheel drive. Under the bonnet is a 2.5-litre petrol engine.

At the time of recording, the car had covered 114,966 miles. Miles and kilometres are easy to confuse, and a distance in miles looks lower than the same distance in kilometres. Turning back an odometer takes little skill and leaves no visible trace, which is why earlier figures matter more than the display.

Primary damage in the record: front end. The damage type is a short label: the extent of the damage and the quality of any repair still have to be judged on the car. Given the kind of damage entered, a mechanic should look first at the radiator support, the headlamp mountings and the front crash structure.

The record notes that the car ran and drove. A key was present. Condition notes are a snapshot: the car may have been worked on, stripped of parts or left standing since.

The record shows a clean title. Nothing on the title points to a total loss or a flood.

A car’s history answers three questions: who kept it, how it was looked after and what went wrong along the way. What a car has been through is seldom visible at first glance, and a respray can make even a badly damaged car look sound.

An engine that has had its oil changed on time is far less likely to cause trouble later, and workshop invoices are the proof. Many modern petrol engines are turbocharged and direct-injected; where they are, the turbocharger and injectors belong on a specialist’s checklist. Automatic transmissions, CVTs included, are expensive to repair, so the test drive should include pulling away from a standstill and a stretch at motorway speed. With four-wheel drive, mismatched tyres can strain the centre differential or coupling, so all four should be the same make and similarly worn.

A VIN never contains the letters I, O or Q, which could be mistaken for digits; its 17 characters identify the maker, the model and the individual car. For this car, the VIN is 1FMCU9J95JUC83973. A VIN that differs between the documents and the car, or shows signs of tampering, is reason enough to walk away.

Where entries exist, a VIN check can show changes of owner, past mileage readings, reported damage and whether the car is listed as stolen. Paperwork is only as complete as the people who kept it, so a report with few entries lowers the risk without removing it. A professional inspection makes sense whatever the paperwork shows, because no report measures corrosion, worn bushes or a poor repair. For this 2017 Buick Envision Essence, the sensible next step is a history check on VIN 1FMCU9J95JUC83973.