2012 MERCEDES-BENZ ML 350 4MATIC VIN 4JGDA5HB2CA016454

The Mercedes-Benz ML 350 4MATIC described here left the factory in 2012. The fuel is petrol. The drivetrain combines an automatic gearbox with all-wheel drive. Every figure for this car is given as it appears in the source data.

The record gives the mileage as 169,892 miles. Because the clock counts miles, any figure noted in kilometres has to be converted before the two can be compared. A later figure lower than an earlier one points to a replaced instrument cluster or an odometer that has been wound back. Service invoices and inspection reports each carry a mileage figure, and lined up in order they show whether the clock tells the truth.

This Mercedes-Benz ML 350 4MATIC is recorded with front-end damage. A damage type says what kind of damage the car had, not how serious it was or whether it has been repaired since.

A key was noted with the car. Months of standing can leave a car with seized brakes and perished tyres.

According to the source data, the car has a clean title. There is no salvage or similar mark, so the car was never recorded as a total loss.

Every car builds up a history from the day it is first registered: owners come and go, inspections are passed or failed, and repairs are paid for. Pieces of a car’s history sit with registries, dealers, workshops and insurance companies, and none of them sees the whole picture. Much of a car’s past cannot be seen: a good body repair leaves no obvious mark, and neither do years of hard driving.

For the engine, the service history matters most: oil changes, filters and the timing belt or chain are the entries to look for. Many modern petrol engines are turbocharged and direct-injected; where they are, the turbocharger and injectors belong on a specialist’s checklist. Automatic transmissions, CVTs included, are expensive to repair, so the test drive should include pulling away from a standstill and a stretch at motorway speed.

A VIN never contains the letters I, O or Q, which could be mistaken for digits; its 17 characters identify the maker, the model and the individual car. The record gives the VIN as 4JGDA5HB2CA016454. A VIN that differs between the documents and the car, or shows signs of tampering, is reason enough to walk away.

A VIN report gathers what different sources know about a car, such as the number of owners, mileage readings, damage and any branded title. A repair paid for in cash at a small workshop leaves no trace in any database, so no report can list it. A VIN check and a physical inspection answer different questions: the first says what happened to the car, the second what condition it is in now. The next step is to look up the history behind VIN 4JGDA5HB2CA016454.