2018 HYUNDAI ELANTRA SEL VIN 5NPD84LFXJH377814

This record covers a 2018 Hyundai Elantra SEL, finished in silver. There is an automatic gearbox, with front-wheel drive. The engine is a 2.0-litre petrol unit with four cylinders. Details for this car come from a single data source and may differ from its documents.

The recorded mileage is 160,285 miles. Because the clock counts miles, any figure noted in kilometres has to be converted before the two can be compared. Averaged over the car’s age, the mileage works out well above the usual annual distance, and wear on the suspension, brakes and interior should be judged with that in mind. A later figure lower than an earlier one points to a replaced instrument cluster or an odometer that has been wound back. Figures carry most weight when they come from independent sources: workshops, inspection stations and past title paperwork.

The record lists damage from vandalism as the main problem on this car. Two cars with the same damage label can be very different: one needs a few new parts, the other major work. Whatever the cause, a diagnostic scan of the car’s electronics shows fault codes that a visual check misses.

No key was present. Months of standing can leave a car with seized brakes and perished tyres.

A car’s history is everything logged against it since it left the factory: registrations and owners, inspections, repairs and insurance claims. Much of a car’s past cannot be seen: a good body repair leaves no obvious mark, and neither do years of hard driving.

Regular oil changes and timely work on the timing belt or chain decide how well an engine copes with age. Many modern petrol engines are turbocharged and direct-injected; where they are, the turbocharger and injectors belong on a specialist’s checklist. The automatic gearbox needs its fluid changed at the manufacturer’s intervals, and invoices should show that it was.

A vehicle identification number has 17 characters: the first three name the manufacturer, the next six describe the model and its specification, and the last eight identify the individual car. The record gives the VIN as 5NPD84LFXJH377814. A VIN that differs between the documents and the car, or shows signs of tampering, is reason enough to walk away.

A VIN report shows what has been logged: earlier registrations, odometer figures, damage entries, branded titles and theft checks, wherever such data exists. However complete the paperwork, only an inspection shows the condition of the body, suspension, brakes and electrics today. With this 2018 Hyundai Elantra SEL, the first step is a look at the history behind VIN 5NPD84LFXJH377814.