2016 TOYOTA RAV4 LE VIN 2T3ZFREV1GW237083

This record covers a 2016 Toyota RAV4 LE, finished in blue. Power comes from a 2.5-litre petrol engine with four cylinders, rated at 176 hp. There is an automatic gearbox, with front-wheel drive. Every figure for this car is given as it appears in the source data.

The clock stood at 223,142 miles when the data was entered. A clock converted from miles to kilometres should be documented, since the swap can hide the true mileage. Averaged over the car’s age, the mileage works out well above the usual annual distance, and wear on the suspension, brakes and interior should be judged with that in mind. Gaps of several years between logged figures deserve attention, as does any reading lower than the one before it. Service invoices and inspection reports each carry a mileage figure, and lined up in order they show whether the clock tells the truth.

In the source data, the main issue is damage to the left front. Whether the damage has been repaired since, and how well, is not something a damage entry can show.

A key was there when the car was checked. Months of standing can leave a car with seized brakes and perished tyres.

Title status in the record: clean. There is no salvage or similar mark, so the car was never recorded as a total loss.

Behind every used car lies a string of events: who owned it and for how long, what the inspections found and which repairs and claims were made. A car’s paperwork is scattered: the registry knows about owners, the workshop about repairs and the insurance company about claims. Much of a car’s past cannot be seen: a good body repair leaves no obvious mark, and neither do years of hard driving.

Many modern petrol engines are turbocharged and direct-injected; where they are, the turbocharger and injectors belong on a specialist’s checklist. Automatic transmissions, CVTs included, are expensive to repair, so the test drive should include pulling away from a standstill and a stretch at motorway speed.

A VIN never contains the letters I, O or Q, which could be mistaken for digits; its 17 characters identify the maker, the model and the individual car. This car’s identification number is 2T3ZFREV1GW237083.

What a history report can list depends on what has been documented about the car: registrations, mileage readings, damage, branded titles and theft reports. The absence of an entry is not proof that nothing happened; it may only mean that nobody wrote it down. A professional inspection makes sense whatever the paperwork shows, because no report measures corrosion, worn bushes or a poor repair. A history check on VIN 2T3ZFREV1GW237083 is the place to start.