2006 SUBARU IMPREZA 2.5I VIN JF1GD67636H519432

This Subaru Impreza 2.5I was built in 2006. There is an automatic gearbox, with all-wheel drive. Under the bonnet is a 2.5-litre petrol engine.

The recorded mileage is 178,177 miles. Because the clock counts miles, any figure noted in kilometres has to be converted before the two can be compared. The number on the clock proves little by itself; earlier figures logged at services and inspections are what make it believable. A service book or a folder of workshop invoices is the simplest place to find past readings.

No damage entry is on file for this car. Water marks under the carpets, rust in unusual places or a panel in a slightly different shade would point to damage nobody ever entered.

At the time of recording, the car ran and drove. A key was there when the car was checked.

According to the source data, the car has a clean title. Nothing on the title points to a total loss or a flood.

Behind every used car lies a string of events: who owned it and for how long, what the inspections found and which repairs and claims were made. The paperwork is kept by different bodies – registries, workshops, insurance companies and lenders – so the history of one car is spread across many places. A clean, polished car can still hide a serious accident, a flood or years of hard use.

A cold start, the colour of the exhaust smoke and any oil leaks tell a mechanic a good deal about how an engine has been treated. Many modern petrol engines are turbocharged and direct-injected; where they are, the turbocharger and injectors belong on a specialist’s checklist. Automatic transmissions, CVTs included, are expensive to repair, so the test drive should include pulling away from a standstill and a stretch at motorway speed. Drive to all four wheels means more to maintain: differentials and couplings have oil of their own, which some manufacturers want changed at set intervals.

A VIN never contains the letters I, O or Q, which could be mistaken for digits; its 17 characters identify the maker, the model and the individual car. This Subaru Impreza 2.5I has the VIN JF1GD67636H519432. A VIN that differs between the documents and the car, or shows signs of tampering, is reason enough to walk away.

What a history report can list depends on what has been documented about the car: registrations, mileage readings, damage, branded titles and theft reports. A VIN check and a physical inspection answer different questions: the first says what happened to the car, the second what condition it is in now. With this 2006 Subaru Impreza 2.5I, the first step is a look at the history behind VIN JF1GD67636H519432.